An Introduction to the Islamic Belief in Taqdir: Texts, Examples and Analogies

 Iman in Taqdir, or belief in Divine Decree, is a fundamental aspect of Islamic faith. It is the belief that everything that happens in the universe occurs according to Allah's will and knowledge.

Here are some Nusus (texts from the Quran and Hadith) that support this belief:

• The Quran states in Surah Al-Qamar (54:49): "Indeed, all things We created with predestination." Quran 54:49

• In another verse, Surah Al-Hadid (57:22) says: "No disaster strikes upon the earth or among yourselves except that it is in a register before We bring it into being - indeed that, for Allah, is easy." Quran 57:22

• A well-known Hadith from Sahih Bukhari states: "The Prophet (peace be upon him) said, 'No fatigue, nor disease, nor sorrow, nor sadness, nor hurt, nor distress befalls a Muslim, even if it were the prick he receives from a thorn, but that Allah expiates some of his sins for that.'" Sahih Bukhari

Examples and analogies can help further illustrate the concept of Taqdir.

Example: Consider the life of Prophet Yusuf (Joseph). He was thrown into a well by his brothers, sold into slavery, and unjustly imprisoned. These events, seemingly negative, were all part of Allah's plan. They eventually led to his rise to power in Egypt, where he was able to save many lives during a famine.

Analogy: Taqdir can be compared to a scripted play. Allah is the playwright who has written the script (predestination). The actors (human beings) play their roles, making choices within the framework of the script. Even though the script is already written, the actors are not aware of it and make choices based on their understanding and free will.

It's important to note that belief in Taqdir does not negate human free will. Muslims believe that while everything happens according to Allah's knowledge and will, human beings have the freedom to choose and are responsible for their actions. This is a bit like a teacher who knows his students well: he can predict who will pass or fail, but it doesn't mean he forces them to do so.

In conclusion, Iman in Taqdir is about recognizing Allah's complete authority and wisdom, trusting His plan, and understanding that our struggles and triumphs are part of a larger, divine script. It teaches Muslims to remain patient and steadfast in times of difficulty, and humble and grateful in times of ease.